Multiple carburetor



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Jan- 24, 1933. RcoNs'rENsoUx MULTIPLE GARBURETOR Filed March 2o. 193i lun Jan. 24, 1933. R. cNsTENsoux MULTIPLE CARBURETOR Filed March 20, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Flo a .l nl-.\------ Jan. 24,' 1933. R. coNs'rENsoux MULTIPLE CARBURETOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 20. 1951 Patented Jan. 24, 1933 UNITED'. STATESv FRANCE, ASSIGNLOR TO GEORGES IBABIQUAND, `01?'A ROBERT OONSTENSOUAX, 0F PARIS,

, PARIS, FRANCE v MUL'rrrLE cAaBUnEron Appucanonmed umh 2o, 1981. serial No. 524,168, and 1n France mmh 27, 1930; Y*

Multiple carburetors are known in which a general central suction nozzle is fed by radiating suction channels each provi-ded with a jet which enters into action by the automatic adjustment through the displacements of a slide valve accompanying the variations of speed of the motor according tothe depression. i f

The present invention aims at the application of this principlelfor the provision of `a carburetor with descending gas, the radiate' ing suction channels being inclined towards the base by approaching towards the axis of the body of the carburetor, which eliminates, by simple gravitation, the condensations of petrol which, in the case of carburetors with n ascending gas, occur inthe bottom of the valve and work their way beneath it.

In order that the valve can assume when the suction increases, a liftfin order to regu! late the entry into operation of the different jets, the valve is formed as a differential valve the suction reigning at the level of the but` terfly being transmitted above the valve by an axialhole pierced through it while the constant atmospheric pressure acts beneaththe head of the differential valve in an annular space communicating with the free air,

through a calibrated hole called the com! pensating hole braking the displacements of the slide by the entry or escape of air which is'adjustable., y The valve is provided at the front in known manner with a delecting cone which turns the gaseous streams delivered by theradiating channels in order to avoid objectionable eddies at the meeting of said streams, the arrangement of this Vdeflector cone being such that the section oered to the gases travels crosswise when the valve lifts that is upon acceleration, which is logical.

The downward passage of the carbureted gases also has the advantage of givinga better lilling of fthe cylinders and consequently an increase'power.` t

Various other characteristics will bey more clearly seen during the following description given with reference `to the annexed drawings showing, byway of example, some possible constructions and particularly:

Fig. 1, a vertical section of a first form, y

taken on thev line 1,-1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2, a horizontal section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1

Fig. 3, a vertical cross section taken on the broken line 3 3 of' Fig.12;

4, the detailof they valve; 'l

F1g. 5, a section taken on Figa;l 1

Figs. 6 and 7 ,two other constructions.

In the example Vshown at Figures 1 to 5 the elementary carburetors leach consist of.` an inclined radiating channel a for the passage of air lnto which olpens the hole b1 of a j'eth The number oft ese elementary carburetors can vary according to the size of themotor and the degree of precision which it is desired to obtain forl the adjustment or" regulation ofthe mixture.

These kelementary carburetors radiating around the central bore c1 of the body c `in which slides the valve d forming in known manner, an automatic valve and provided ports dr the length and dispositionof which are regulated in such a manner that each channel a comes into play whenthe de pression, produced by the suctionof the motor, causes the valve to takeup thelposition which is suitable.` V

Y The valve d is a diiferential slide valve with two diameters, its head d2, of larger diameter,.being engaged in the upper part c2 of the body of theV carburetor, likewise of larger diameter.

The valve is sltuated above thel bore glof the butterfly valve f and the suction channels a are inclined towards the base and approach the axis of the body c. t

The valve is pierced with an'axial hole d3 in a suitable position, in such manner that the maximum depression residing at the level of the butterfly 'valve fis transmitted to the spaceY c2 above mentioned and acts on the head d2 of the valve. y 'Under the `flange Z4 of the head of the valve acts, on the contrary, the atmospheric pressure which resides in the small annular space h made from the body ofthe carburetor owing to the two diierent bores c1, c2, said annular spacelvl communicating withv the ati the line 5-,5` of i mosphere in known manner through a calibrated holehl (Fig. 3) called compensator hole, the function of which .is to brake the movements of the valve by adjusting the en- Vfaceis (Fig. 4s); i

(b) The subatmospheric pressure residing yon the head (Z7 of the same valve ofa surf face s-l-ds; V

v (c) Thel atmospheric pressure actingbe-l neath the'v flange L of the head of the valve Y in the annular space h' ofthe surfacel da.

. The resultant force isfinal-ly equal to thev force due' to the pressure in space k minus the force due to the subatmospheric pressure actingy on flangeY da. y

The slow down is obtained as shownin Figure 3 by means of the jet 2' which is 1ndependent and corresponds Yto the channel for the inlet of air having its outlet at jat the levels of lthe butterfly valvef. Atl the slow down lthe butterfly 'valve being vpartly openY the subatmospheric'pressureV concentrates onthis orifice j and already primesthel first elementary carburetor for normal` running, al, which is slightly:uncovered4 at the bottom position'of the automatic valve (Fig. i i

i Aitthe moment of the openingv of the but;

terly Valve f, the depression expands atthe interior and above'the valve d whereby the pressure at h' causes it to rise'. There being the possibility of air arriving at'i/at 'the lower part and the fact thaty the valve` Works lcone la (Figs. 1 and 5) will be observed", which has the advantage that when the `motor is running slow that is toV say fed' by' a vsmall volume ofy gas, the section of passage isy reduced', in a fairly important' manner (because it presents itslargest base at the level of the suction orifices). v f- When one accelerates, given the ascending movement of thevalve, the'conec` becomes less and less visible leaving entirelyfree, for abetter filling, all the internalsection ofthe apparatus; Y. The carburetor has, as shown in Figures 1 to, jets' dismantledY from the top but it is obviously possible tov have other arrangements for the arrival of the petrol, in particular horizontal jets `orj'ets mounted on a sin.- gleiA platform carrying the constant level chamber, which permits of dismantling the whole assembly of: the'constant level system. Various modications of construction can be' made. Thus the radiating channels a of the elementary carburetors can be taken to the upper part the head d2 of the valve having ports d1 which successively uncover the said channels a, as shown in Fig. 6.

The compensating chamber is then placed at the base of;v the automatic valve.- H

The forces acting on the valve are the same as before.

Nevertheless the deflecting cone 7c is elimmat-ed, the Huid streams all debouchinglinthe Y central bore Z3 of the valve.

Another possible formof constructions lshown vin Figure 7. To obviate vtoo great a surface of the appara-tusfanautoma-tic valve 0lv is used on which the depression'acts above as well as below` by .reason ofholes dgwhich bring into communication with each other the' two faces of the valve? and 'this automatic valve d isv coupled, thus balanced,V with an upper piston Z- of the. same surface as'thea presence .of the compensator in a .tongue piece m obturating the inlet of' v air al forfthe first elementary carburetor for normal running which' permits of'increasing in strong'proportions therichness of the: mix

ture and ensure extremely'. easy starting. This tongue piece m is, inthe example given, integral with a collar or a shutter capable of uncovering'additional air-holes n intended to weaken the mixture when the full output of the motor is not required;k ".:It is moreoverobvious that.allffmodifications of detail may be incorporated into the invention according to the particular case and application particularly.V .according to the ower of theV needsV of the installation, the motor to be fed, theV running c aracteristics and soon, without exceeidingfthe scope ofthe general principle of the'present invention.

In this way it is necessaryto reserve the possibility of operating the valve or slide by pre-lifting the depression vwhich is used as driving means for thevalve, at a point and y' yl. Ina downdraftcarburetor alcarburetor body, a mixture outlet conduit, multiple mixture channels arranged with their axes converging downwardly, a suction actuated ele-l ment forming a valve for regulating the outlets of the said channels, said carburetor body having a chamber formed therein above said element, a central channel in said element effecting communication between said chamber and said conduit, a throttle valve in said conduit, partitions in said element formingchambers therein located around said central channel, said chambers'etfecting communica,- tion between the said channels and said conduit, said partitions acting to prevent formation of eddies in said element.

2. A downdraft carburetor as claimed in claim 1, in which the chambers in the suction actuated valve element are in the lower por-V i tion of said valve element and open toward said multiple mixture channels.

3. A downdraft carburetor as claimed in claim l, in which the suction actuated element has a piston head at its upper end movable in the chamber of the carburetor body and in which the body has means to admit air to said chamber below said piston head so that said valve element is balanced.

In witness whereof I aix mysignature.

ROBERT CONSTENSOUX. 

